音響的音質(zhì)效果好壞是由所選用的電解電容型號決定的，所以，想要制造出頂級的音響就需要選擇與之相匹配的電解電容元器件。俗話說：“好鋼用在刀刃上”，就是這個道理。在為音響選擇電解電容型號的時候，需要考慮哪些參數(shù)呢？

　　The sound quality of sound is determined by the electrolytic capacitor selected. Therefore, if you want to produce top-level audio, you need to choose the electrolytic capacitor components matching with it. As the saying goes: "good steel is used on the blade", which is the truth.What parameters need to be considered when selecting electrolytic capacitor model for audio?

　　1、標(biāo)稱參數(shù)：就是電容器外殼上所列出的數(shù)值。

　　Nominal parameters: the values listed on the capacitor shell.

　　靜電容量，用UF表示。就不多說了。

　　Electrostatic capacity, expressed in UF. I won't say much.

　　工作電壓(working voltage)簡稱WV，應(yīng)為標(biāo)稱安全值，也就是說應(yīng)用電路中，不得超過此標(biāo)稱電壓。

　　The working voltage (WV) should be the nominal safe value, that is to say, the nominal voltage should not be exceeded in the application circuit.

　　溫度，常見的大多為85度、105度。高溫條件下（例如純甲類功放）要優(yōu)選105度標(biāo)稱的。一般情況下優(yōu)選高溫度系數(shù)的對于改善其他參數(shù)性能也有積極的幫助。

　　Temperature, most of the common 85 degrees, 105 degrees. Under high temperature conditions (such as pure class a power amplifier), 105 degree nominal power amplifier should be preferred. In general, the optimization of high temperature coefficient is helpful to improve the performance of other parameters.

　　2、散逸因數(shù)dissipation factor（DF）

　　Dispersion factor (DF)

　　有時DF值也用損失角tan表示。DF值是高還是低，與溫度、容量、電壓、頻率都有關(guān)系；當(dāng)容量相同時，耐壓愈高的DF值就愈低。頻率愈高DF值愈高，溫度愈高DF值也愈高。

　　Sometimes the DF value is also expressed by the loss angle tan. Whether the DF value is high or low is related to temperature, capacity, voltage and frequency; when the capacity is the same, the higher the withstand voltage, the lower the DF value. The higher the frequency, the higher the DF value and the higher the temperature.

　　DF 值一般不標(biāo)注在電容器上或規(guī)格介紹上面。在DIY選取電容時，可優(yōu)先考慮選取更高耐壓的，比如工作電壓為45V時，選用50V的就不很合理。盡管使用50V的從承受電壓正常工作方面并無不妥，但從DF值方面考慮就欠缺一些。使用63V或71V耐壓的會有更好的表現(xiàn)的。當(dāng)然，再高了性價比上就不合算了。

　　DF value is generally not marked on the capacitor or specification. In DIY selection of capacitor, we can give priority to the selection of higher withstand voltage, for example, when the working voltage is 45V, the selection of 50V is not very reasonable. Although the use of 50V from the withstand voltage of normal operation is not improper, but from the DF value of consideration is not some. Using 63v or 71v withstand voltage will have better performance. Of course, no matter how high the price performance ratio is, it will not be worthwhile.

　　3、等效串聯(lián)電阻ESR

　　Equivalent series resistance ESR

　　ESR的高低與電容器的容量、電壓、頻率及溫度都有關(guān)，ESR要求越低越好。

　　The level of ESR is related to the capacity, voltage, frequency and temperature of capacitor. The lower the ESR requirement, the better.

　　當(dāng)額定電壓固定時，容量愈大 ESR愈低。當(dāng)容量固定時，選用高額定電壓的品種可以降低 ESR。低頻時ESR高，高頻時ESR低，高溫也會使ESR上升。等效串聯(lián)電阻ESR 很多品牌可以從規(guī)格說明 書上查到。

　　When the rated voltage is fixed, the larger the capacity, the lower the ESR. When the capacity is fixed, the ESR can be reduced by selecting high rated voltage. ESR is high at low frequency, low at high frequency, and increases at high temperature. Many brands of equivalent series resistance ESR can be found in the specifications.

　　4、漏電流，就是漏電！鋁電解電容都存在漏電的情況，這是物理結(jié)構(gòu)所決定的。不用說，漏電流當(dāng)然是越小越好！

　　Leakage current is leakage! Aluminum electrolytic capacitors have leakage, which is determined by the physical structure. Needless to say, the smaller the leakage current, the better!

　　電容器容量愈高，漏電流就愈大；降低工作電壓可降低漏電流。反過來選用更高耐壓的品種也會有助于減小漏電流。結(jié)合上面的兩個參數(shù)，相同條件下優(yōu)先選取高耐壓品種的確是一個簡便可行的好方法；降低內(nèi)阻、降低漏電流、降低損失角、增加壽命。

　　The higher the capacitor capacity is, the greater the leakage current will be; reducing the working voltage can reduce the leakage current. Conversely, choosing a higher withstand voltage type will also help to reduce leakage current. Combined with the above two parameters, it is a simple and feasible method to select high voltage withstand varieties under the same conditions; it can reduce internal resistance, reduce leakage current, reduce loss angle and increase life.

　　有個說法，既電解電容工作在遠(yuǎn)低于額定工作電壓時，由于不能得到有效的足以維持電極跟電解液之間的退極化作用，會導(dǎo)致電解電容的極化而降低漣波電流，增大ESR，從而提早老化。但是這個說法的前提是“遠(yuǎn)低于額定工作電壓”，綜合一些長期的實踐經(jīng)驗來看，選取額定工作電壓標(biāo)稱值的2/3左右為正常工作電壓，是比較合理可靠的。

　　There is a saying that when the electrolytic capacitor is working far below the rated working voltage, it can not effectively maintain the depolarization between the electrode and the electrolyte, which will lead to the polarization of the electrolytic capacitor, reduce the ripple current, increase the ESR, and thus premature aging. However, the premise of this statement is "much lower than the rated working voltage". According to some long-term practical experience, it is reasonable and reliable to select about 2 / 3 of the nominal value of the rated working voltage as the normal working voltage.

　　業(yè)余情況下，我們可以對電解電容的漏電流大體上估計一下——把相同容量的電解電容按照額定承受電壓進(jìn)行充電，放置一段時間后再檢測電容器兩端的電壓下降程度。下降電壓越少的漏電流就越小。

　　In amateur situation, we can roughly estimate the leakage current of electrolytic capacitor - charge the electrolytic capacitor with the same capacity according to the rated withstand voltage, and then detect the voltage drop at both ends of the capacitor after a period of time. The less the drop voltage, the smaller the leakage current.

　　5、漣波電流Irac

　　Ripple current Irac

　　漣波電流對于石機的濾波電路來說，是一個很重要的參數(shù)。漣波電流Irac 是愈高愈好。它的高低與工作頻率相關(guān)，頻率越高Irac越大，頻率越低Irac越小。

　　Ripple current is a very important parameter for the filter circuit of stone machine. The higher the ripple current Irac is, the better. The higher the frequency, the larger the Irac, and the lower the frequency, the smaller the Irac.

　　如果我們需要在低頻時能夠有很高的漣波電流，以求得到良好的大電流放電特性，使的低頻更加結(jié)實飽滿富有彈性，以及良好的控制驅(qū)動特性。實際上，在高頻時高的漣波電流對音色的正面幫助也很大，可以使高頻有更好的延伸和減小粗糙感。

　　If we need to be able to have high ripple current at low frequency, in order to get good high current discharge characteristics, make the low frequency more solid and full of elasticity, and good control and driving characteristics. In fact, at high frequencies, a high ripple current is also very helpful to the positive aspect of the timbre, which can make the high frequency have better extension and reduce the roughness.

　　電解電容型號的不同，響應(yīng)的參數(shù)也會不同，進(jìn)而達(dá)到的音質(zhì)效果也會不同，這就需要由專業(yè)的人事來進(jìn)行電解電容的選型。

　　Different types of electrolytic capacitors, the response parameters will be different, and then the sound quality effect will be different, which requires professional personnel to select electrolytic capacitors.